Epub 2006 Nov 21. In Study 3, the estimated 2-week test-retest reliabilities (N = 53) were between .48 and .85 for the 5 factors. J Clin Psychol. ObjectiveExperiences of ethnic discrimination may constitute major stressors for ethnic minority groups. NLM Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the Discrimination Coping Strategies Scale (DCSS) including its factor structure, validity, and longitudinal measurement invariance. Engagement strategies were coping with discrimination using resistance and education/advocacy. aña-Taylor created Likert-type scale items to quantitatively assess the experiences described in Phinney and Chavira’s study. Group identification is relevant to coping with perceived discrimination among members of stigmatized minority groups ( Rüsch et al., 2009b ). The DCSS, a 6-item scale (dealbest, dealtalk, deaproud, dlwrkhrd, dealrude, dlignore), assesses two different aspects of coping strategies: (a) adolescents’ perception of what they believe is the best coping strategy against discrimination or negative remarks about one’s ethnic or racial background was, and (b) how often adolescents have used specific discrimination coping strategies. Investigation of discrimination variety count of preparation for each scale by making culture and communities. eCollection 2019. examined medical and mental health treatment, access to public restrooms, identity documentation, housing, and employment as an index of exposure to various types of discrimination. The Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS) shows promise as a self-report measure of strategies for coping with racial discrimination. c. Expanded Everyday Discrimination Scale • A 10th item was added to the original scale: “You are followed around in stores.” • This scale was used in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) and the South African Study of Stress and Health study (SASH) In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (N = 328) identified 5 factors: Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, Resistance, and Detachment, with internal consistency reliability estimates ranging from .72 to .90. Psychometric properties of multigroup ethnic identity measure (MEIM) scores with Australian adolescents from diverse ethnocultural groups. Measuring Latino adolescents’ coping with ethnic-racial discrimination. Um. Subculture of relationships in the effect, given this is a generating milieu of discrimination including the racial and behavior.  |  Psychology, Medicine.  |  Epub 2018 Nov 23. Coping Response to Discrimination. All 60 women met DSM-IVdiagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder as assessed by the appropriate segment of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders. Racism and discrimination continue to be a fact of life for many students of color on college campuses. The Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) The Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS) is an even shorter measure of resilient coping, designed by Sinclair and Walston (2004), to capture an individual’s ability to cope with stress in highly adaptive ways. Research on Asian American college students’ experiences with racial ethnic microaggressions and their coping strategies is scant. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (N = 328) identified 5 factors: Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, Resistance, and Detachment, with internal consistency reliability estimates ranging from .72 to .90. Participants completed a 90-min semistructured interview. 2010 Jul;57(3):345-60. doi: 10.1037/a0019577. Data came from four waves of a longitudinal study of 323 Latino adolescents (Wave 1 Mage= 15.31 years, SD= .76; … In Study 2, a confirmatory factor analysis (N = 328) provided cross-validation of the 5-factor model as well as evidence for validity of the scale. [Unpublished manuscript]. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. The use of the Coping with Discrimination scale (Wei, Alvarez, Ku, Russell, & Bonett, 2010) with a TGD sample extends prior work done with sexual minority individuals (Ngamake, Walch, & Raveepatarakul, 2014). An expanded table is provided in ESM Table 2. Using data (N = 2,109) from a large-scale epidemiological study of Filipino Americans, this study examines whether ethnic identity is linked to mental health and reduces the stress of discrimination. a 20-item version of the Coping with Discrimination Scale (subscales used were Education & Advocacy, Detachment, Drug & Alcohol use, Resistance and Internalisation), a 8-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) – Depression scale for depression symptoms and Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Vargas-Chanes, D., Garcia, C. D., & Gonzales-Backen, M. (2008). 2008 Jun;31(3):323-35. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.06.003. The Protective Role of Mindfulness in the Relationship Between Perceived Discrimination and Depression. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. Four scales were provided to college students including, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), The Index of Race-Related Stress (Brief Version) (IRRS), the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire (PEDQ), and the Coping Inventory (COPE). Profiles of Coping with Ethnic-Racial Discrimination and Latina/o Adolescents' Adjustment. Jones, S. M., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., McDermott, E. R., Sladek, M.R., & Rivas-Drake, D. (2020). To assess the frequency by which adolescents have engaged in different types of coping strategies, adolescents are asked to record how often, on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1 = never, 3 = sometimes, and 5 = very often), they have used each coping strategy when they experienced discrimination. Mindfulness (N Y). (2008). Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS). The validity evidence was similar across racial groups and for males and females. Parental ethnic socialization and adolescent coping with problems related to ethnicity. Profiles of coping with ethnic-racial discrimination and Latina/o adolescents’ adjustment. Phinney and Chavira’s results indicated that adolescents used five different strategies to deal with discrimination. ll researchers have permission to use the 6-item DCSS, with the following citation: If you are planning to translate the DCSS into other languages, please send the final version of the measure and any information on how the measure held up in analyses to. 2019 May;48(5):908-923. doi: 10.1007/s10964-018-0958-7. Family ethnic socialization predicts better academic outcomes via proactive coping with discrimination and increased self-efficacy. Isok Kim . by . 2004 May;10(2):169-176. doi: 10.1037/1099-9809.10.2.169. Journal of Early Adolescence, 28, 16-50. doi:10.1177/0272431607308666, Additional Citations for Studies in which the Measure Has Been Used. Adolescents in the Aggressive coping style mentioned the use of Verbal Retort, without mentioning the use of any proactive strategy. Introducing a brief measure of cultural and religious identification in American Jewish identity. The item “People act as if they think you are not smart” was modified as “People act as if you are dangerous” to reflect a bias against Asians since COVID-19. (2008). Based on their responses to the strategies they used, Phinney and Chavira further classified adolescents as belonging to one of three different styles for coping with prejudice and discrimination. Measuring Latino adolescents’ coping with ethnic-racial discrimination. The Discrimination Coping Strategies Scale (DCSS) was developed by Umaña-Taylor based on Phinney’s and Chavira’s (1995) qualitative work in which they interviewed a sample (n = 60) of adolescents (ages 16 to 18) from diverse ethnic minority backgrounds. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 5, 31-53, Harvard University Graduate School of EducationLarsen Hall, 61314 Appian WayCambridge, MA 02138, The Discrimination Coping Strategies Scale (DCSS) was developed by, based on Phinney’s and Chavira’s (1995) qualitative work in which they interviewed a sample (n = 60) of adolescents (ages 16 to 18) from diverse ethnic minority backgrounds. Thirty women with social phobia were recruited at the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy of the Univ… Phinney, J. S., & Chavira, V. (1995). Discrimination Coping Strategies Scale (DCSS). Sixty women with borderline personality disorder were recruited at the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy of the University of Freiburg in Germany and at the Psychiatric Hospital, Meissenberg, Zug, Switzerland. The Coping Circumplex Model: An Integrative Model of the Structure of Coping With Stress. The DCSS, a 6-item scale (dealbest, dealtalk, deaproud, dlwrkhrd, dealrude, dlignore), assesses two different aspects of coping strategies: (a) adolescents’ perception of what they believe is the best coping strategy against discrimination or negative remarks about one’s ethnic or racial background was, and (b) how often adolescents have used specific discrimination coping strategies. Friedlander ML, Friedman ML, Miller MJ, Ellis MV, Friedlander LK, Mikhaylov VG. Front Psychol. McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Martinez-Fuentes, S. (2019). The current study examined the psychometric properties of the Discrimination Coping Strategies Scale (DCSS) including its factor structure, validity, and longitudinal measurement invariance. Epub 2017 Nov 4. Jones, S. M., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., McDermott, E. R., Sladek, M.R., & Rivas-Drake, D. (2020). Shapes When the researchers say brief – they mean brief! Phinney, J. S., & Chavira, V. (1995). Puckett et al. We used the 5-item Everyday Discrimination Scale 24 (1 = Never, 5 = A lot; α = 0.93; M = 1.87; SD = 0.93). Racial discrimination was assessed using the Everyday Discrimination Scale (α=0.95), and was coded using two conventional approaches: (1) situation-based coding : number of different situations ever experienced; (2) frequency-based coding : sum of Likert scale responses ranging from 'never' to 'almost everyday'; and (3) a new chronicity-based coding approach: sum of responses, weighted to capture …  |  A comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of the Drug Abuse Screening Test. c. Expanded Everyday Discrimination Scale A 10th item was added to the original scale: “You are followed around in stores.” This scale was used in the National Survey of American Life (NSAL) and the South African Study of Stress and Health study (SASH) 2018 Feb 27;9:53. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00053. Adolescents in the Proactive coping style reported Discuss, Self-affirmation, and Disprove as the ways to deal with such issues. Abstract. J Couns Psychol. Experience of discrimination. Profiles of coping with ethnic-racial discrimination and Latina/o adolescents’ adjustment. [Multidimensional assessment of coping: validation of the Brief COPE among French population]. Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS). Phinney and Chavira’s results indicated that adolescents used five different strategies to deal with discrimination. This study examined the associations between different forms of ethnic discrimination and levels of perceived stress in Russian immigrants living in Germany, taking into account potential moderating (in-group identification) and mediating (coping and social support) … Coping with discrimination: The insidious effects of gender minority stigma on depression and anxiety in transgender individuals. Based on their responses to the strategies they used, Phinney and Chavira further classified adolescents as belonging to one of three different styles for coping with prejudice and discrimination. HHS Umaña-Taylor created Likert-type scale items to quantitatively assess the experiences described in Phinney and Chavira’s study. In this study, we examined how engagement and disengagement strategies for coping with discrimination might explain how gendered racism influences psychological distress among 212 African American women enrolled in an institution of higher education. In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (N = 328) identified 5 factors: Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, Resistance, and Detachment, with internal consistency reliability estimates ranging from 0.72 to 0.90. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Social Work and Psychology) in The University of Michigan 2012 . Few studies have examined coping strategies specific to ethnic-racial discrimination among Latino youth. Adolescents in the Aggressive coping style mentioned the use of Verbal Retort, without mentioning the use of any proactive strategy. Doctoral Committee: Epub 2019 Sep 13. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 37(6), 730-742. doi:10.1177/0734282918792384, McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Zeiders, K. H. (2019). Journal of Adolescence, 65, 189-195. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2018.03.011, McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Martinez-Fuentes, S. (2019). Experiences of discrimination were assessed using the Everyday Discrimination Scale. (in press). We use 22 Likert-type items from the original 25-item scale, each of which is rated from 1 (never like me) to 6 (always like me). Family ethnic socialization predicts better academic outcomes via proactive coping with discrimination and increased self-efficacy. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. To assess the psychometric properties of the measure for use with sexual minorities (i.e., gay, lesbian, bisexual, or GLB persons), a nonprobability sample of 371 GLB adults completed the instrument along with several standardized, self-report measures. The first measure is the Experiences of Discrimination (EOD) scale.22 Eight items from this scale were asked, including questions COMPARING MEASURES OF RACIAL/ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION 833. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. eCollection 2018. J Youth Adolesc. If you are planning to translate the DCSS into other languages, please send the final version of the measure and any information on how the measure held up in analyses to Adriana Umaña-Taylor. Ten of the 11 women described experiences where they perceived being treated differently due to race and/or gender. Journal of counseling psychology. Principal Component Analysis of Types of Anti-Stigma Strategies Obtained From the Stigma Coping Orientation Scales (SCOS), Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA-3) and Group Identification Measure. Perceived discrimination was measured using two separate instruments: (1) the Race-Related Events Scale (RES) 24 and (2) the Experiences of Discrimination (EOD) scale. 33 Participants were asked each of the 9 items on the scale (e.g., “You are treated with less respect than other people are.”), and responded how often each item happened related to their HIV status, their race, and their sexual orientation. McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Martinez-Fuentes, S. (2018). The same as the original scale. 2020 Jan;76(1):176-194. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22865. Adolescents were classified as using Passive coping style if they only mentioned Ignore as a way of dealing with discrimination. Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS). Front Psychiatry. McDermott ER, Umaña-Taylor AJ, Zeiders KH. The strength of identification with an ethnic group is found to be … Published 2010. The current study is a phenomenological exploration of coping with perceived racial and gender discrimination experiences among 11 Asian/Asian American female faculty at various Christian universities. Stress and coping research provides ample evidence demonstrating that psychological manifestations of social stress are significantly mediated by personal coping behaviors. J Subst Abuse Treat. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. coping with discrimination strategies influence the association between perceived discrimination and mental health outcomes. 2018 Aug;9(4):1100-1109. doi: 10.1007/s12671-017-0845-4. 2007 Mar;32(2):189-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2006.08.002. The Coping with Discrimination Scale is used to determine how minority individuals respond to discrimination. At times, racism is overt, such as the use of racial slurs, graffiti, or even violence. 1– 9 Health consequences of discrimination also vary according to personal coping responses. McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Zeiders, K. H. (2019). Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI), American Indian or Native American, Black, Latinx, Non-White Multi-ethnic, and American Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African (AMENA) adolescent. A longitudinal examination of Latino adolescents’ ethnic identity, coping with discrimination, and self-esteem. doi:10.1007/s10964-020-01360-5. McDermott, E. R., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., & Martinez-Fuentes, S. (2018). Would you like email updates of new search results? The DCSS has been used with Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI), American Indian or Native American, Black, Latinx, Non-White Multi-ethnic, and American Arab, Middle Eastern, and North African (AMENA) adolescent populations in the U.S. Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Vargas-Chanes, D., Garcia, C. D., & Gonzales-Backen, M. (2008). The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) was used to measure experienced discrimination and anticipated discrimination. They issued a 20-item version of the Coping with Discrimination … This site needs JavaScript to work properly. The DISC is interviewer administered Parental ethnic socialization and adolescent coping with problems related to ethnicity. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Coping with discrimination from peers and adults: Implications for adolescents’ school belonging. Dandy J, Durkin K, McEvoy P, Barber BL, Houghton S. J Adolesc. Epub 2007 Jul 23. The first published study that used this measure is Umaña-Taylor, Vargas-Chanes et al. Our results provide vital insight into the ways TGD people are coping with, and being affected by, discrimination. Puckett JA, Maroney MR, Wadsworth LP, Mustanski B, Newcomb ME. Among men, passive coping behaviors in response to lifetime discrimination were associated with greater VAT, but not SAT, volumes in age-adjusted models (78.5±32.0, P< 0.05; Table 5). Adolescents’ perception of the best way to deal with discrimination is assessed by asking adolescents to select from five different coping strategies (e.g., “Talking to the person and clarify common misconceptions about ethnic groups” and “Work hard to prove them wrong”) the best way they felt one should deal with issues of discrimination. Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, and Detachment were positively associated with active coping, self-blame, substance use, and behavioral disengagement, respectively, providing further support for validity of the CDS. USA.gov. This relationship remained in fully adjusted models (60.6±28.0, P<0.05). Finally, incremental validity evidence was obtained in Study 4 (N = 220), where it was shown that the CDS explained variance in outcome variables (i.e., depression, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and ethnic identity) that could not be explained by general coping strategies. Adolescents were classified as using Passive coping style if they only mentioned Ignore as a way of dealing with discrimination. Total scores range from 22 - 132; higher scores indicate higher levels of coping. Copyright © 2021 The President and Fellows of Harvard College. The moderating role of ethnic-racial identity for the association between discrimination, coping, and adjustment among adolescents of color. Harvard Graduate School of Education. A longitudinal examination of Latino adolescents’ ethnic identity, coping with discrimination, and self-esteem. Thus, the goals of the studies presented here were to (a) develop a coping with discrimination scale and (b) examine the factor struc-ture, reliability, and validity of this new scale… All researchers have permission to use the 6-item DCSS, with the following citation: To download the DCSS in English, click here. Adolescents in the Proactive coping style reported Discuss, Self-affirmation, and Disprove as the ways to deal with such issues. The same as the original scale. NIH Coping with Racial Discrimination: Coping Strategies, Critical Ethnic Awareness, and Psychosocial Resources for Asian Americans . Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis (N = 328) identified 5 factors: Education/Advocacy, Internalization, Drug and Alcohol Use, Resistance, and Detachment, with internal consistency reliability estimates ranging from .72 to .90. 2019 Apr 16;10:694. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00694. The first published study that used this measure is Umaña-Taylor, Vargas-Chanes et al. Few studies have examined coping strategies specific to ethnic-racial discrimination among Latino youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 2004. and coping with urban inequality in the number of discrimination. Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the Coping With Discrimination Scale (CDS). However, it can also frequently arise in more subtle forms, such as stereotyping, assumptions, or exclusion. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(5), 908-923. doi:10.1007/s10964-018-0958-7, Montoro, J., Kilday, J., Rivas-Drake, D., Ryan, A., & Umaña-Taylor, A. J. 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